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发表于 2007-1-16 14:58:00
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在户外活动中的使用方法</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基础知识</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的原理</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>GPS </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Globol Position System (</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全球定位系统</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的简称，该系统由美国政府建立，向全球用户提供免费服务。完整的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统分为天上和地下两个部分：在天上有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">24</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">颗卫星在不停地转动，使得在地球任何一个角落，都至少可以看到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">颗以上的卫星；在地下就是手持或者车载式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接收机，也就是我们所常说的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">了。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接收机接收到三颗或三颗以上的卫星信号后，就可以计算出接收机所在的大地坐标，如果接收到四颗卫星，还可以计算出海拔高程，同时，卫星系统的时间信号也传送到了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，如果您要对表，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上的时间是最可靠的。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">需要说明的是，除了美国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统外，俄罗斯和欧洲也分别建立了自己的全球定位系统，但目前应用最普遍的还是美国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所使用的的坐标系统</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我们在描述地理位置的时候，常用的方法就是经纬度坐标。经纬度坐标系统是以英国格林威治和赤道分别作为经度和纬度的零度点。中国位于约东经</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">70</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">120</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度，北纬</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度的范围内，新疆位于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统内，经纬度的显示方式一般都可以根据自己的爱好选择，一般有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd.ddddd"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">,"hddd*mm.mmm"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分），</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd*mm"ss"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒）。度、分、秒的进制是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">60</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进制，但是度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度，分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分的进制是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进制，这一点在换算的时候要特别注意。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">地球子午线（南极到北极的连线）长度</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="39940.67" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">39940.67</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，纬度一度合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="110.94" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">110.94</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，一分合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="1.849" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1.849</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，一秒合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="30.8" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">30.8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，不同纬度的间距是一样的。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">地球赤道圈长度</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="40075.36" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">40075.36</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，北京和乌鲁木齐地区在北纬</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">40</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度左右，纬度圈长为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">40075*sin(90-40)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，因此这里的经度一度合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="85.276" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">85.276</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，一分合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="1.42" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1.42</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，一秒合</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="23.69" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">23.69</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的精度及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">SA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政策</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">理论上，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的定位精度可以到米级，美国佬出于安全考虑，人为限制民用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的定位经度，制定了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">SA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政策（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Selective Availability</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，美国防部为减小</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">精确度而实施的一种措施），当</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">SA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政策实施时，定位精度只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">20<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="30" HasSpace="False" Negative="True" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">-30<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>米</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，但目前</SPAN>SA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政策已经取消，民用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的定位精度已经可以达到</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="10" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左右。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当接收到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">颗以上有效卫星信号时，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就可以实现三维定位，也就是说可以算出海拔高程，但我感觉海拔高程的精度不很可靠。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、手持式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">怎么定位</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上都有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MARK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">键和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOTO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">键。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MARK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">键用于定位，即把当前的坐标存到内存里，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">会自动为这个点起一个名字；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOTO </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用于导航，如果有一个已知的点位已经存到了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的内存里，并且起了名字，那么按</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOTO, </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再选那个点的名字，就可以计算出从此地到那个已知点的直线距离。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MARK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOTO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（也就是定位和测距）是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最基本的功能，其它功能都是以此为基础或为其服务的。一般来说，只要知道怎么开机关机，知道定位和导航，在户外活动中就可以应付自如了。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">坐标系统的计算机格式</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中可以存储</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个点位，有些</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">带有数据线，可以把存储的航点转存到计算机上，反之亦可。这样</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的数据就很安全了（想像一下把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">300</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点抄到纸上的工作量吧！）。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点在导入计算机后，经过一定的数据转换，可以建立</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点位数据库，查询使用很方便。当然，也可以在计算机上将手工输入的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点整理成文件，然后转存到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，比在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上输入要方便很多。不仅如此，如果计算机系统中有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GIS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件（地理信息系统）和电子地图，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">航点还可以直接投影到电子地图上。但是这一过程比较复杂。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>GARMING </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公司提供了一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MAPSOURCE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件，附带全球</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> 1:4000000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">电子地图，可以直接将</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">航点投影到电子地图上，不过对于户外爱好者来说，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1:4000000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的电子地图毫无用处。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一套完整的计算机数据线路套件包括数据线，卫星天线，车载电源（接到点烟器上），</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MAPSOURCE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件和电子地图（或</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GIS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">软件和专业电子地图）。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和地图的配合使用</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在户外穿越活动中，最常用的地图比例尺是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1:250000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1:100000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，地图上的</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="cm" SourceValue="1" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1Cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分别相当于实际距离的</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="千米" SourceValue="2.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="千米" SourceValue="1" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">千米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。（关于户外地图，会有专文介绍）。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和地图的配合使用，无非有以下两种情况：一种是在出发前，在地图上找到目标点（比如拟定的宿营地和重要拐点）的坐标，并把它输入到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中（我们在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2001</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年徒步车师古道时，就输入了一套</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点）；另外一种是在户外活动中，在重要的点用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">定位后，在地图上找到该点，以判断当前所处的位置。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从专业地图上查找到的坐标是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd*mm"ss"(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式，如果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">采用的是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd*mm.mmm"(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式，那就需要进行转换。即把秒的数值除以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">0.6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，换算成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进制。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三、户外活动中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的典型用法</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>OK! </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基本原理讲完了，现在我们已经到了户外，队员们的眼睛都注视着你和你手中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，你有信心吗？如果还没有，那么继续看下面的介绍。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何定位</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">现在全队已经到达徒步出发地，怎么也得把出发点的坐标纪录下来啊！很简单，打开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，趁大家整理行装的几分钟，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">已经完成了查找卫星，自动跳到了数据页面，这时，按一下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">MARK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（定位或者小旗子），</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提示这是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">110</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">号点，这是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自动顺序生成的航点，按确认，该航点就存下来了。当然，别忘让秘书纪录下这个点。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何确定离目标点的距离</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下午</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点，全队到达了一处休息的地方，女队员秋芷瘫倒在地：“队长，我们还有多远啊”？嘿嘿，这可难不倒我，出发前，我熬了一个通宵，早就把目标点的坐标输入到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">里了，记得点号好像是“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">First END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”。拿出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，开机后等待搜索卫星，几分钟后数据出来了，（这时顺手定个点，让秘书</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">YY</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">记下来，养成好习惯）然后按</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOTO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（导航），在点位表中找到“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">First END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”点，按确认，这时屏幕显示</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“距离</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目标点”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">My END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="m" SourceValue="5523" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">5523M</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GOOD,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“我们距离目标还有</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="5.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">5.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，笑熬浆糊大声宣布。说完，他看了一眼跟前的大山和崎岖的山路，补充说“直线距离”。这时，只听扑通、扑通几声，队员子欣、杨格、和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">VV</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当场晕倒。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何确定任意两点的距离</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">傍晚，终于到达当天的宿营地了。这时队员醉舞阳光问：“浆糊队长，从今天的出发点到明天的终点一共有多远啊？”出发点到终点，也就是从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">110</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Second END, </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是个相对距离的问题啊，简单。打开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，不必等候寻找卫星（要等</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分钟呢，多没面子啊），在航点表中找到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">110</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点，然后将光标移到下面的参照点（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Refenrence</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）栏，输入</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Second END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">OK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">马上</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就算出来，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">110</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点距离参照点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Second END <st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="km" SourceValue="16.8" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0">16.8KM</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的指导下向正确的方向前进</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">存在一个伟大的问题，就是没有内置指南针，当您让它导航－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Second END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的时候，它只会告诉您“距离目标点</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，方位角度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度”。</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="公里" SourceValue="3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">好理解，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度怎么找呢？好办，手持</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将它的脑袋对着正北方，（您的脑袋也对着正北方）。什么？北在哪？看指南针啊！</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR>OK</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，找到北了，这时，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">会有个指向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">Secong END</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的箭头，大约指向您的右手偏前一点。明白了吧！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的方位角是以正北作为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">0</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度，正东为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度，正南为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">180</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度，正西为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">270</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度。让地图、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、指南针和您的脑袋都面朝北方，看起来就会比较方便。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果没有指南针，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在移动状态下，也可以测出您的前进方向和速度，以此可以找到“北”，但是如果在山沟里，可就麻烦了。我曾经在菊花台下面的直沟里，为了找北，连续走了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个来回，摔了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个跟头（因为我要保持一定的行进速度，直线，眼睛还得看着屏幕，才能测出方向），也怪老天不长眼睛，那天阴天，没有太阳。从那以后，我每次出去都带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个指南针。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的典型参数设置</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先要把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置成公制，美国佬用的是英制，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">mile</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1 mile</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">17xx</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米，哪有我们的</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="km" SourceValue="1" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1KM</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="米" SourceValue="1000" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">好计算（所以他们发明了计算机）。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">其次，把经纬度格式调整成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd*mm"ss"(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式或者</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"hddd*mm.mmm"(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">然后，确认地图投影为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">wgs84</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，时区在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">+8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区（中国在东</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">区）。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR><BR>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、经验和技巧</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般电池可以连续使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小时，我一般是在用的时候才打开，一天走下来，开个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">7-10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次就差不多，按这样的方式，一副电池可以上</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次山。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在每次定点的时候，最好作纪录或者录音，（或者请秘书纪录），因为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点位号是用数字自动生成的，点多了，再好的脑子也记不住。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一定要和与指南针配合使用，要不，就是有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也找不到北。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">要在开阔地使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，山沟里，密林里，就得碰运气了。坐车的时候，车窗旁也勉强可以使用。</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">每次活动，一般纪录</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个点就差不多了。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> |
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