<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">莽山以林海莽莽,蟒蛇出没而得名。至今仍保存有6000<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公顷的原始森林,是湖南省面积最大的森林公园,这里是南北植物的汇集地,亚热带和少数热带、寒带的森林植物在这里杂居共荣。据调查统计,公园有维管束植物219<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">科、929<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属、2659<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种,占湖南科数的88.3%<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属数的74.1%<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,森林公园拥有国家重点野生植物21<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种,其中一级有南方红豆杉等四种,二级有香果树、华南五针松等17<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种。 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 莽山植物区内古老植物种类丰富,莽山受第四纪冰川的影响很少,很多第三纪或更古老的植物得以保留下来,属于第三纪森林良好的保存地,是古老植物的“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">避难所”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,白豆杉、穗花杉、长苞铁杉、华南铁杉、南方红豆杉、百日青等裸子植物大量成群地分布。寡种属甚多的安息香料等特别集中,共有8<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个属、22<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种,均标志着植物系的古老性。莽山共有20<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个特有种植物,如:南岭紫茎、倒卵叶青冈、大果安息香、莽山杜鹃、莽山毛蕨等。丰富的森林生态系统为各类动物繁衍生息提供了适宜的环境,莽山森林公园成为了各类动物的聚集之地。深入林中,可遇见猿猴戏耍于树梢,松鼠跳跃于树冠,野兔惊奔灌丛,麋鹿出没林间。据调查园内共有脊椎动物70<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">科164<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">属300<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">余种(不包括鱼类),这些动物中有国家重点保护野生动物33<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种,一级有华南虎、金钱豹、黄腹角雉4<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种,二级有穿山甲、藏酋猴等29<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">种。1990<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年被发现的巨型毒蛇---<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">莽山烙铁头蛇,堪称一代“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">国宝”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,全世界仅在莽山的狭小范围内独有300——500<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">条。 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 山高石怪,林幽峰奇,水色天光造就了莽山众多壮丽秀美的景观。如莽山颇有名气的鬼子寨和崖子石和猴王寨景区,其悬崖峭壁就像刀剑削劈一般。莽山的地形由东南向西北倾斜,相当崎岖,相对高差大,一般为500——800<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米,最大高差达1400<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">米。站在最高峰“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天南第一峰”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的猛坑石主峰上,可将群峦尽收眼底,并可“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北望衡阳、南见韶关”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。山中许多崖石经过千万年的风吹雨洗,变成各种各样的形态,如:金鞭神柱、将军石、童子拜观音、木鱼石、蛤蟆石、木鱼画石、罗汉打坐,栩栩如生,令人遐思不尽。 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 莽山绝景佳境,数不胜数,飞流千尺的鬼子寨瀑布,“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万丈深坑”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,雄踞天关的南天门,端庄文静的“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三姐妹”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,巍巍雄浑的摩天岭,清潭染翠的夹水风光,高山草原浪畔湖、“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高峡平湖”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的林子坪人工湖,神秘莫测的“<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">猴王寨”<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,这些景观集山水之神韵,掇幽林之深秀,令游人目不暇接,流连忘返。 <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 莽山偏处深山,历史上曾有回龙庙、金船大庙、圣地庙、观音堂等十余座庙宇,曾经香火鼎盛,远近闻名。回龙庙旧址背靠崖子石,视野开阔,风光秀丽,方圆百里视为宝地。1993<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年仙逝的老尼姑至今不腐的灵异之事传为奇闻。 |